![]() In this respect, the Prophet (PBUH) said,” I hope that Allah will accept it as expiation for the previous year” (Sahih Muslim: 1162).Īshura itself is literally derived from the Arabic word asharah, which means ten, as it is the tenth day of the month of Muharram. Prophet SAW said that the virtue of fasting of Ashura served as forgiveness of the sins of the previous year or it expiated the sins committed in the previous year. Even, many scholars considered the month of Muharram as the most sacred and severed from all of the sacred months. The third virtue is that this month is considered as one of the sacred months. In this month, Prophet (PBUH) fast regularly and Ibn Abbas reported that he never saw the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) more concerned about fasting on the day of Ashura than in the month of Muharram. The Prophet (PBUH) said,” The best fast after Ramadan is Allah’s month Al-Muharram” (Muslim: 1163). The second is that fasting in this month is next only to Ramadan in terms of virtue. Literally, our Prophet (PBUH) called it Syahrullah, the month of Allah, Al-Muharram, and therefore, this is the highest honour given to this month and no other month in the Islamic calendar has been given this honour. It is obvious that this sacred month is called Syahrullahil Muharram – the month of Allah as no other month is called Syahrullah other than Muharram. The Prophet (PBUH) said, “The best month is the month of Allah which you call Muharram “(An-Nasa’i, As-Sunan Al-Kubraa: 4202). Attributed to Allah, this month gains honour and respect. Muharram is considered as the best month after Ramadhan. Since that time on, Muharram was officially declared as the first month of the year. Therefore, as the new beginning, they then decided the first month of the year should be Muharram. Finally, they agreed that Muharram made most appropriate year to begin with. Some of the sahabah said this, while some other said that. It was in the third or fourth year of the succession of Khalifa Umar ibn al-Khattab when they discussed which month should they start the Islamic calendar. Umar ibn Khattab instituted the Islamic calendar seventeen years after the Prophet’s (PBUH) migration from Mecca to Madinah. Muharram is right after the hajj-procession. Muharram is the first month of the year and it follows the pilgrimage season when the pilgrims return home. Meanwhile, Dzul-Hijjah is the twelfth month of the year and this is the month of which the hajj processions are taken place. This is a time for pilgrims to make preparations and depart their journey to Makkah. In the Islamic calendar, Dzul-qo’dah is the eleventh month of the year. Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (PBUH) said, “The year is twelve months of which four are sacred, the three consecutive months of Dhu’l-Qa’dah, Dhu’l-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab which comes between Jumaada and Sha’baan.” (Al-Bukhaari: 2958). Dzul-qo’dah, Dzul-Hijjah, Muharram, and Rajab are consecutive months. Of four sacred months, the first three months mentioned above i.e. These reminders are essential for committing sins in these months is far greater than committing them in other months. More importantly, the believers are also advised not to commit sins and are recalled to strive hard to obey Him. For this purpose, Allah has guided the believers to honour and to severe the representations of Him in the sacred land. Through this arrangement, the pilgrims and visitors of the Sacred House (Ka’bah) are safe and so as to be able to perform pilgrimage and visit the House in total peace and tranquillity. Therefore, the fighting and battles during these sacred months has made prohibited and suspended in order to allow trade and peace. In this verse, Allah has commanded the believers to honour and revere these months. That is the right religion, so wrong not yourselves therein…” “Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve months (in a year), so it was ordained by Allah on the Day when He created the heavens and the earth of them, four are sacred. Together with Dzul-qo’dah, Dzul-Hijjah and Rajab, these are the four sacred months which are blessed and important months in Islam. In addition, Muharram has been agreed as the first month of the Hijri or Islamic calendar. It is called Muharram because fighting is prohibited in it. We are now adventuring a month known as Al-Muharram. By Nizamuddin Sadiq, S.Pd., M.Hum., PhD.-– ![]()
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